How to Clean a Concrete Patio

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Comprehensive steps for a sparkling patio

Co-authored by Scott Johnson

Last Updated: December 3, 2024 References

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Concrete patios, sometimes referred to as cement patios, are durable, versatile and affordable, making them one of the all-around best options for finishing an outdoor lounge area. Over time, however, the porous surface of the concrete can collect dirt and grime and begin to show signs of discoloration. To keep your patio looking pristine, it’s essential to know what products and methods will work best for cleaning it. For most patios, a simple pressure washing or mild acidic solution made from vinegar and water will do the trick. If you’re combating tougher stains, you may need to use a more potent chemical cleanser, such as bleach, to restore the look of concrete.

Method 1

Method 1 of 4:

Clearing Off the Patio

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Remove all furniture and other objects. Before getting started, you’ll want to make sure your patio is completely clear. Find a place away from your work area to stash patio furniture, dining sets, planters, grills, toys and anything else that may be damaged by free-flowing water or cleaning solutions. Your work area should ideally be as empty as you can get it.^{[1]
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- Bring lightweight furniture inside, and move heavier pieces to the yard, sidewalk or a covered porch.
- Prolonged exposure to moisture can cause metal furniture and appliances to rust.^{[2]
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Sweep away excess dirt. Use a broom to dislodge as much loose debris from the patio as you can. This will make it easier to reach the more stubborn stains underneath, as well as give you an idea how extensive the cleaning methods you employ will need to be.^{[3]
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- Substances like compact dirt, dried mulch or sidewalk chalk may need to be scrubbed by hand using an abrasive sponge.
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Spray the patio with a garden hose. Once you’ve swept the concrete, hose it down with a heavy stream of water. Push the dirt off to an adjoining section of the yard to drain. The concrete will then need time to dry before you can move on to other, more involved methods.^{[4]
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- If it’s been awhile since you last cleaned your patio, add some mild liquid dish detergent to a bucket of warm water to make a soapy rinse. The surfactants in the soap will help break up dirt and oil more effectively.^{[5]
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- In some cases, a good hosing may be all you need to remove a thin layer of dirt and sediment.

Method 2

Method 2 of 4:

Loosening Light Stains with Vinegar

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Combine distilled white vinegar with warm water. Pour the vinegar and water into a large bucket in equal quantities and stir them together. Vinegar is naturally acidic, and can help lift and dissolve stains from within the shallow pores of the concrete better than water alone. Use a ratio of two parts vinegar to one part water if your patio has been affected by moss or mildew growth.^{[6]
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- If you don’t happen to have vinegar on hand, the same concentration of hydrogen peroxide should also do the trick.^{[7]
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- For slightly heavier or more persistent grime, add half a cup of baking soda to the vinegar solution.
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Douse the dirty concrete with the vinegar solution. Slosh the contents of the bucket directly over the surface of the patio. Making sure to cover as much area as you can so that the vinegar will be able to clean the concrete evenly.^{[8]
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- Apply the solution liberally. Vinegar isn’t damage concrete, so you won’t have to worry about accidentally using too much.
- It may be necessary to mix up more solution if you’re cleaning a particularly large area.
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Allow the vinegar to sit for several hours. While vinegar makes an effective natural cleaner, it is relatively mild, which means it will take time to work. The solution will gradually seep down into the concrete, breaking up trapped and solidified dirt.^{[9]
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- Plan your cleaning project for a day with good weather to reduce the chances that unexpected rainfall will wash away the vinegar.
- Make better use of your time by tackling other household cleaning and maintenance tasks while the concrete is soaking.
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Scrub the patio clean. After a few hours have passed, you’ll most likely notice that the vinegar has whisked away the worst of the mess. If any traces of dirt or discoloration remain, work them out by hand using a stiff-bristled push broom. Afterwards, hose off the patio once again and let it dry completely before replacing your belongings.
- You can also use an abrasive sponge to scour your patio with a little extra elbow grease.
- Avoid using wire scrubbers on concrete, as these can scratch or mark up smooth surfaces.^{[10]
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Method 3

Method 3 of 4:

Pressure Washing Your Patio

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Equip a high-powered pressure washer. The majority of common concrete stains can be coaxed out with enough force. For more noticeable stains like rust, mold and compacted dirt, a pressure washer may be just the thing you need.^{[11]
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- Pressure washers unleash a concentrated stream of water, chiseling difficult messes from smooth, hard surfaces.
- You can typically rent pressure washers from home improvement stores and gardening centers for just a few dollars a day.^{[12]
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Spray off the surface of the patio. Aim the nozzle of the pressure washer downward and away from your body. Use slow vertical sweeping motions to push the dislodge dirt off of the patio^{[13]
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- Concrete is not easily damaged, so don’t be reluctant to use the pressure washer on a higher setting.^{[14]
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- Make sure the surrounding area is set up for proper drainage. Otherwise, you could be left with standing water to deal with.
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Wait for the concrete to dry. Keep the patio clear until all remaining water has been drained and evaporated. It may be possible to speed the process along by wiping off excess water with a squeegee or dabbing it with a clean, dry towel. Once it’s dry, you can put all furniture and other items back into place.
- Concrete patios need to be pressure washed an average of once or twice a year to keep them free from buildup that may eventually cause structural damage.
- Covering damp concrete with furniture can keep it from drying as quickly, and may provide a moist, shady place for mold to begin growing.

Method 4

Method 4 of 4:

Cleaning Concrete Using Bleach

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1
Mix together chlorine bleach and warm water. Pour both liquids into a deep bucket or similar container, being careful not to let them spill or splash. Aim for approximately one quarter of bleach for every three quarts of water you use. Stir the bleach solution using a wooden dowel.^{[15]
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- Chlorine bleach is a caustic chemical that can be extremely harmful if ingested, inhaled or contacted with bare skin. Whenever possible, wear gloves, eye protection and a ventilator or breathing mask when working with bleach.
- Never combine bleach with hot water—the steam emitted from the water can carry bleach fumes with it, creating a potential breathing hazard. Heat may also partially neutralize the effects of bleach.^{[16]
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Brush the bleach over the stained concrete. Apply the bleach solution using a long-handled brush or roller. As an alternative, you could place the chlorine mixture in a sprayer to avoid making a mess and exposing your extremities to harsh chemicals. Pay special attention to spotted mildew growth and areas with especially heavy discoloration.
- Test a sample of diluted bleach on an out-of-the way area of the concrete to make sure it won’t leech the color out of a treated surface.
- Be sure to work in a well-ventilated space. If your patio is partially covered, leave the doors and windows open and plan on spending no longer than about ten minutes at a time inside the enclosure.
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Leave the bleach to sit for 15 minutes. The stain-fighting power of the bleach should take effect very quickly. ^{[17]
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- To be on the safe side, it’s a good idea to go somewhere else while the bleach is soaking into the concrete.
- If even bleach isn’t enough to do away with trouble stains like hard water or rust, try using a sprinkle of trisodium phosphate.
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Pressure wash the patio. Finish by spraying the patio with a pressure washer to blast away any visible dirt or residue dissolved by the bleach. When you’re finished, your concrete should look as good as it did when it was first poured! Give the patio ample time to dry, then have a few friends over to enjoy your clean, inviting outdoor space.
- A quick pressure washing or hosing will also help clear the air of irritating bleach fumes.

How Do You Stain a Concrete Patio?

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I had a contractor brighten up my patio. He mixed a thin layer of concrete and water and spread it over the patio. Now that mixture is chipping. How do I remove the chipping concrete?

Lina DaSilva

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Here are some steps to help you remove that unwelcome chipping layer: Use a chisel and a hammer to gently chip away the loose and chipping concrete. Be careful not to damage the solid concrete underneath. After chipping away the loose parts, a power washer can help remove smaller particles. Keep the pressure on a moderate setting to avoid further damage. If there’s still residue, a concrete paint stripper or chemical remover can help. Apply it according to the instructions on the label and scrub with a stiff brush. Smooth out the surface. A concrete resurfacer could do the job, or you might hire a professional if it’s extensive.

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What is the best concrete sealer to use?

Lina DaSilva

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Choosing the best concrete sealer depends on the specific needs of your concrete surface. Acrylic Sealers: Good for both indoor and outdoor use, easy to apply and cost-effective. They enhance the color and give a wet look with a range of sheen options. Epoxy/Urethane Sealers: Popular for indoor concrete, such as in a garage or basement. They are very durable and offer strong protection against spills and stains. Penetrating Sealers: These sealers penetrate the surface to form a chemical barrier. Polyaspartic Sealers: Fast-curing sealers, great for commercial projects. They provide a durable finish and are UV stable.

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can a carpet cleaning machine be used to clean a concrete slab using just detergent ?

Lina DaSilva

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Absolutely! A carpet cleaning machine can be used on a concrete slab.Just make sure to use a detergent that's suitable for both the machine and hard surfaces.

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Tips

Consider finishing your patio with a specialty concrete sealant. Sealing products protect can protect the concrete from deterioration as a result of dirt, moisture and irregular pH levels caused by hard water and soil deposits.^{[18]
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When renewing surfaces like concrete, it’s generally best to start with the gentlest cleaning method and work your way up from there.

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Spray your patio with a hose or pressure washer on a light-to-moderate setting regularly to prevent discoloration-causing buildup.

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Warnings

Using chlorine bleach to clean concrete patios with decorative stains may ruin the color or appearance of the finish.

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Trisodium phosphate and similar cleaners contain harsh chemicals. Always follow the provided instructions and take proper safety precautions should you choose to use one of these products to treat your concrete patio.

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