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A free-body diagram is a visual representation of an object and all of the external forces acting on it, so to draw one you'll have to have this information calculated. They are very important for working in engineering or physics problem solving since drawing them helps you to understand what is going on in a problem. A free-body diagram can be drawn very simply, with squares and arrows, or you can make it much more complex. The only requirement is that you or someone else looking at it should be able to understand what the diagram is telling.

A free-body diagram (FBD) is a representation of a certain object showing all of the external forces that acts on it. FBDs are very helpful in engineering and physics problem solving.

Part 1
Part 1 of 2:

Creating a Basic FBD

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    • Example: A man is pushing a 10kg box on a rough floor, with a coefficient of friction of µ = 0.6, by applying a 20N force. You will select our body to be the box.
    • Example: Make a square to represent the box.
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    • Example: These are (1) the weight of the object, (2) the pushing force of the man, (3) the normal force applied by the floor, and (4) the friction force due to the rough floor.
  1. Always start with the weight because all objects have weight.
    • Example: (1) For the weight, draw an arrow pointing downward because the weight is the pulling force of the earth's gravity, which is always downward.
    • Example: (2) Draw an arrow that follows the direction of the pushing force. (3) Draw an arrow pointing upward for the normal force because it should always be perpendicular to the floor. (4) Draw an arrow that is opposite the direction of motion of the box for the friction.
  2. However, if you wish to put the magnitude of the forces, you may continue to the following steps.
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Part 2
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Adding the Magnitude of the Forces

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  1. The weight of the object is equal to mass of object*acceleration due to gravity.
    • Example: W = m*a. W = (10kg)*(9.81m/s^2) = 98.1N. Write this beside its respective arrow.
    • Note: Forces are measured in Newtons or N.
  2. The magnitude of the pushing force applied by the man is given as 20N. Write this beside its respective arrow.
  3. The normal force is equal to the magnitude of the weight that acts perpendicularly to the floor. In this case, all of the weight is acting perpendicularly to the floor, therefore, N and W are equal in magnitude. So, N = 98.1N. Write this beside its respective arrow.
  4. The friction force is given by the formula: f=µ*N. Therefore, f = 0.6*(98.1N) = 58.86N. Write this beside its respective arrow.
    • Now that all forces are represented with their direction and magnitude, your FBD is ready for further engineering or physics analysis!
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  • Question
    A man applies a force of 450 N to push a crate with a mass of 900 kg over a horizontal floor. How can this be calculated?
    Community Answer
    Community Answer
    F = ma; m = 900 kg, a = x m/sec. A = f/m; a = 450/900 =0.5 m/sec. Hence, the acceleration is 0.5 m/s.
  • Question
    How do I find acceleration and action reaction force?
    Community Answer
    Community Answer
    Since the Free Body Diagram shows the forces, if you know the mass you can use the equation F=ma. F is the force, M is the mass and A is the acceleration. The action reaction forces are equal to each other and are in opposite directions.
  • Question
    What are the best equations to solve a free body diagram?
    Community Answer
    Community Answer
    Depending on the type of free body diagram, there will be a lot of different equations used. Newton's second law, Hooke's law, and static friction formulas are all useful.
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About This Article

Jeanine Hattas Wilson
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This article was reviewed by Jeanine Hattas Wilson. Jeanine Hattas Wilson is a Professional Painter and the President of Hattas Public Murals, Inc. With nearly 20 years of experience, Jeanine specializes in creating, overseeing, designing, and painting murals. Jeanine holds a BA in Advertising from Marquette University and a Studio Painting Minor from The Milwaukee Institute of Art & Design. She has studied at The Atelier Artien in Paris, France, Los Angeles Academy of Figurative Art, and under renowned artists such as Robert Liberace, Michael Siegel, and William Cochran. To date, Hattas Public Murals has painted nearly 5,000 commissioned works of art in homes and commercial and public spaces. This article has been viewed 106,802 times.
53 votes - 55%
Co-authors: 14
Updated: October 7, 2024
Views: 106,802
Categories: Art Studies
Article SummaryX

To draw a free body diagram, start by sketching a simple representation of the body you want to make the diagram of, like a square to represent a box. Next, draw arrows on the shape that show the forces acting on the object. For example, draw a downward arrow to signify the weight of the object, since gravity pulls the object down. Then, draw lines for the other forces, such as a sideways arrow to indicate a pushing force. Finally, label each arrow with the force it represents and the magnitude of that force. To learn how to convert an object’s weight into Newtons of force, read on!

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