How to Inject Yourself: 13 Ways to Stay Safe and Sterile

Learn about the supplies and skills you’ll need for a hygienic self-injection

Co-authored by Janice Tieperman Medically reviewed by Danielle Jacks, MD

Last Updated: November 7, 2024 Fact Checked

When it comes to injections, injecting into a vein gives medication the most direct route into your bloodstream. Knowing how to intravenously inject your own medication gives you more freedom and flexibility in your medical regimen, but it’s really important to handle your supplies as safely and hygienically as possible. We’ll walk you through everything you should (and shouldn’t) do, so you can have a safe self-injection experience.

Things You Should Know

Choose an injection site in your arm, if possible. Your hands, legs, and feet are also viable options, but you shouldn’t inject into your neck or groin.
Always use a sterile and new needle to prevent infection and disease.
Insert the needle at a slanted, 15- to 45-degree angle to make sure the medication goes into your vein.
Pull back (or “register”) the syringe to make sure that you successfully hit a vein.

1

Assemble all of your supplies.

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Lay out all of your supplies in front of you so they’re easily accessible. Grab a clean syringe, a tourniquet, an alcohol wipe, a cotton ball or tissue, a bandage, and a secure container with a lid. When you’re self-injecting, you need to be totally focused on what you’re doing—you don’t want to be scrambling around and looking for supplies.
- Always try to do self-injections in a safe, clean place when you aren’t crunched for time (like right before work).^{[1]
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2

Wash your hands thoroughly.

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^{[2]
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Research source} You know the drill—head over to your sink and wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds (the amount of time it takes to sing “Happy Birthday” twice).^{[3]
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Main public health institute for the US, run by the Dept. of Health and Human Services

Go to source} Then, dry off your hands before you handle your syringe and medication.

3

Draw up your medication in a syringe.

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Use your normal preparation practices to get your medication ready to go. Double-check that you have the correct dose pulled into your syringe—since your medication is going straight into your vein, it’s easier to overdose by mistake.^{[4]
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- If your medication comes in a vial, use a clean syringe to draw up the medication.

4

Find a good injection site.

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Arms are the best, followed by hands, legs, and feet. Focus on your upper forearm in particular—the vein that runs along the center of your elbow is the best option for self-injection. The 2 other veins that run along both sides of your forearm are also viable injection sites. If necessary, you can also self-inject in your hands, legs, and feet.^{[5]
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- Your hands and feet are really far from your heart, so the injection wound will take longer to heal.
- Leg veins have a higher chance of forming clots, which can lead to serious circulation issues and major health complications.^{[6]
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- Warning: Avoid self-injecting your medication into your neck or groin area. Both of these injection sites contain major arteries (the jugular and femoral, respectively), and it can be deadly to pierce them by mistake.^{[7]
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5

Tie a tourniquet to help you locate the vein.

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Secure the tourniquet 2-4 in (5-10 cm) above the injection site. Using both hands, wrap the tourniquet strap around the base of your upper arm. Instead of tying a knot, tuck 1 end of the strap beneath the wrapped section of the tourniquet. When you’re ready to remove the tourniquet, simply pull on the tucked-in end of the strap to undo it completely.^{[8]
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- If you’re injecting into your hand, ball your hand into a fist and roll your wrist forward so the veins are more visible. As a general rule of thumb, aim for the veins that are closer to your wrist—these are easier to inject into.^{[9]
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- Two condoms tied together can work in a pinch if you don’t have a tourniquet on hand.^{[10]
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- Tip: Before applying the tourniquet, hold out your arm and rotate it in big circles for 20-30 seconds. This helps more blood flow into your arm, which makes the vein easier to find.^{[11]
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6

Clean the injection site with an alcohol wipe.

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Wipe down the skin in 1 direction using smooth, vertical motions. Try not to rub the wipe in circles—this allows the germs to stick to your skin. Once you’ve cleaned off the injection site, be careful not to touch (and recontaminate) the area.^{[12]
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- Regular soap and water can work in a pinch, along with hydrogen peroxide or rubbing alcohol.

7

Insert the needle at a 15- to 45-degree angle.

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Grip the syringe so the tip of the needle points toward your heart and the needle’s bevel (opening) faces upward. Hold the syringe at an angle so the needle can enter your vein without going completely through it.^{[13]
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8

Pull back the plunger to make sure you hit a vein.

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The blood in your syringe should look dark red (not bright red). Extend the plunger slightly and watch for a little bit of blood to fill your syringe. If the blood looks dark red, you’ve successfully hit a vein and are ready to continue with the injection. This process is also known as “registering.”
- If no blood is in the syringe: Gently remove the needle, undo the tourniquet, and press on the injection wound with a cotton ball or tissue. Then, redo the tourniquet and try again at a different injection site.^{[14]
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  State of Oregon
  Official website for the State of Oregon
  
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- If the blood in the syringe is bright red: You’ve likely hit an artery instead of a vein—remove the needle carefully and undo your tourniquet. Then (if you can), lift the injection site so it’s above your head. At this time, press on the wound for 10 minutes with a tissue or cotton ball to stop the bleeding. If the bleeding still hasn’t stopped after this point, get medical help right away.
- Warning: Always make sure your needle is in a vein before you inject any medication. If you inject into tissue outside of the vein, you could develop an abscess (a severe skin infection).^{[15]
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9

Remove the tourniquet.

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Pull on 1 end of your tourniquet so the strap completely slips off. Leaving the tourniquet in place during the injection can lead to bruising later on, which you definitely don’t want.^{[16]
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10

Inject the medication and remove the needle.

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There’s no need to rush—a slow injection makes it easier for the medication to enter your bloodstream.^{[17]
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11

Press on the injection wound.

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^{[19]
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Harvard Medical School
Harvard Medical School's Educational Site for the Public

Go to source}

12

Toss out your needle in a closed container.

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A closed container prevents any cross-contamination. Open up your secure container and slip the used needle inside. Then, secure the lid on top, tape the container shut, and toss it in the trash.
- Any sturdy container (made with metal or plastic) with a snug-fitting lid works well for this.
- If you need to inject medication a lot, wait until this container is full of old needles before tossing it out.
- You can also dispose of your used needles in an FDA-approved sharps disposal container.

13

Rotate your injection sites in the future.

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Use new injection sites for future injections until your old wounds heal. Move at least 1 in (2.5 cm) away from your old injection site so that part of your vein has a chance to heal. To be extra safe, switch to a different arm or part of your body to prevent a particular vein from developing a lot of scar tissue (or even collapsing).^{[21]
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World Health Organization
Health information and news provided by the World Health Organization

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- Vitamin E oil can help with scarring while bruise creams can help cut down on bruising.^{[22]
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  Research source} Just make sure that your injection wound is closed up before applying either product, or else you could develop an infection.^{[23]
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  State of New York
  Official website for the State of New York
  
  Go to source} If you suspect that you might have a infection, visit a doctor or walk-in clinic for treatment.

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Tips

Practice self-injecting with both hands if you have to inject yourself frequently—this gives you a lot more flexibility when you rotate injection sites.^{[24]
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Sip on a warm drink, slip into a sweater, or hop into a warm shower before you need to inject your medicine. Then, place a warm compress over the injection site. All of this warmth helps your veins expand, which makes them a lot simpler to locate.^{[25]
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Drink several glasses of water about an hour before you plan on injecting your medication. The more hydrated you are, the easier it’ll be to find your veins.^{[26]
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Warnings

Always check with a medical professional about the health implications of the drugs you are injecting.

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Always use a fresh needle for each injection. Most needles aren’t made with high-quality materials and won’t be sharp after their first injection.^{[27]
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Make sure that a friend or loved one is nearby whenever you self-inject your medication. In case of emergencies, stock up on naloxone.^{[28]
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Don’t insert your needle more than 5 mm into your skin. If you go any deeper than this, you risk tapping a nerve or artery.^{[29]
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Getting Help

Drug addiction isn't easy to deal with—but you're not alone. There are lots of different ways to recover and heal from drug addiction, including day treatments, outpatient programs, and sober living communities.^{[30]
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A strong support network is a key part of recovery. Don't hesitate to ask your friends and loved for support, and consider joining a support group like Narcotics Anonymous.^{[31]
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HelpGuide
Nonprofit organization dedicated to providing free, evidence-based mental health and wellness resources.

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Always call 911 if you need immediate medical help. If you need extra support (in a non-emergency situation), call the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)'s hotline at 1-800-622-4357. If you need an international hotline, click here.